Life of Mashtots

Koriun’s Life of Mashtots #

Translated from the Armenian by Beyon Miloyan


Chapter 1 #

Զազքանազեան ազգին եւ զՀայաստան աշխարհին զաստուածապարգեւ գրոյն, եթէ ե՛րբ եւ յորում ժամանակի մատակարարեցաւ եւ որպիսի՛ արամբ այնպիսի նորոգատուր աստուածեղէն շնորհս երեւեցաւ եւ վասն նորին լուսաւոր վարդապետութեան եւ հրեշտակաբար կրաւնիցն առաքինութեան զմտաւ ածելով յիշատակարանս առանձին մատենանշան ծաղկեցուցանել եւ մինչ դեռ անդէն ի խորհրդանոցի մտացս վասն յուշ արկանելոյ միայնագործ հոգայի, եկեալ հասանէր առ իս հրաման առն միոյ պատուականի Յովսեփ կոչեցելոյ, աշակերտի առն այնորիկ, եւ ընդ նմին այլոց եւս քաջալերութիւն աշակերտակցաց մերոյն վարդապետութեան։ Ուստի եւ իմ մասնաւոր աշակերտութեան վիճակ առեալ, թէպէտ եւ էի կրսերագոյն, եւ առաւել քան զկար մեր, գրաւեալ անաչառ հրամանին հասելոյ, փութանակի եւ առանց յապաղելոյ զառաջի եղեալն մատենագրել։ Զորս եւ մեր համաւրէն աղաչեալ երկախառնել ընդ մեզ աղաւթիւք՝ յանձնարարութեամբ աստուածեղէն շնորհացն, զի կամակարագոյնս եւ ուղղագոյնս նաւիցեմք զհամատարած ալեաւքն վարդապետական ծովուն։
On the God-given alphabet of the Ashkenazi nation and the country of Armenia, as to when and at which juncture it was administered, through what great a man this newly given divine grace appeared, and concerning his luminous teaching and the virtue of his angelic devotion. I was pondering this, so as to record it in a particular book: While I was consumed in thought, working in solitude so as to recall these things, a commission came to me from an honorable man named Joseph, a disciple of the aforementioned man, along with words of encouragement from our fellow disciples of the same teaching. Therefore, having partaken of the lot of his discipleship—though I was the youngest and this task lay beyond my capabilities—and compelled by the impartial commission before me, I hastened to write this book without delay. Whom—our fellow disciples—we implored in their entirety to cooperate with us through their prayers and with the commendation of divine grace, that we might willfully navigate directly over the waves of the vast sea of teaching.

Chapter 2 #

Now we shall preface this work, asking whether we may be so bold as to set down the lives of men who have been perfected: Not by arguing our opinions with eloquent words, but rather to exalt them by giving examples to the naysayers. For God, the benefactor—who thinks so well of His beloveds—is not only satisfied with their beautiful and supreme reward of inexhaustible eternity according to the virtue of their manner of life. He also sought to exalt them earlier, in transitory time, by making them splendid in books, that they might shine among angels and mortals alike.
Through the narrative of Moses are known the nobility of blissful men, the confirmation of their true faith, the loveliness of their lives in communion with God, and the splendor of their magnificent devotion. For one was called righteous by his acceptable offering; another one marvelously appeared to survive all-swallowing death; another, with full righteousness, was protected in a boat for one year together with every breathing animal on the mountainous ocean of God’s punishment; and yet another, vindicated by his faith in the unexpected, communed with God and became His perfect ally, inheriting the promise of the good things to come. Likewise, many others were known to God, their nobility recounted throughout the divine Scriptures.
Similar to what I have said, the blissful Paul, in his Epistle to the Hebrews, sets forth these names and praises them for their true faith. Hence, they received a rewarding consolation from the all-giving God, each according to his advancement. He even joins with these the wanton Rahab’s hospitality of the spies. And observing the thick multitude of the righteous ones, he mentions only a few by name and omits many others, saying that time would fail him to recount each in turn. He then sets out to make known at once the trials that seized those who were attacked and their willing martyrdom, which he considers as more honorable than all worldly merchandise.
Սոյն աւրինակ եւ ամենայն գիրք հոգեպատումք նշանակեալ ունին զքաջութիւնս ամենայն զաւրաց. զոմանց՝ ըստ աստուածեղէն կրաւնիցն զբարեյաղթութիւն, եւ զոմանց՝ ըստ աշխարհակիր կարգաց զմարտից եւ զպատերազմաց արութիւնսն, որպէս զՆեբրոտայն եւ զՍամփսոնին եւ զԴավթայն։ Եւ զոմանց զբնական զիմաստութիւն գովեալ աստուածեղէն իմաստութեամբն հանդերձ, որպէս զՅովսէփայն յԵգիպտոս, եւ զԴանիէլին ի Բաբիլոն։ Յորոց եւ հզաւր թագաւորացն խրատիչք էին, զաշխարհական կենցաղոյս զհանգամանսն ցուցանէին, հանդերձ ամենիշխանին Աստուծոյ ծանաւթս առնելով։ Զորոց եւ մարգարէին իսկ գովեալ զիմաստութիւնն, ասէր ցոմն այսպէս. «Մի՛թէ իմաստնագո՞յն իցես քան զԴանիէլ. կամ իմաստո՞ւնք խրատտուք խրատեցին զքեզ հանճարով իւրեանց»։ Եւ ոչ այսչափ միայն, այլ եւ հոգեկան ազգին հրեշտակութեամբ՝ գովեալ զսրբոցն զաւրութիւն, որ զԴանիէլ ցանկալի քարոզելովն կոչէին. եւ զսուրբ Տիրամայրն ի Գալիլեայ՝ աւրհնեալ ի կանայս։
In this way, all divinely inspired books make known the virtues of all forces; some according to the triumph of godly devotion, and others according to their valor in worldly ranks, in battle and in war, such as Jephthah, Samson and David. Yet others are praised for their wisdom, both natural and divine, as with Joseph in Egypt and Daniel in Babylon. Among these, some were advisors to mighty kings, who made known the ways of worldly life while also acquainting them with God, the ruler of all. Among them also, the prophet who was praised for his wisdom said to a certain one: “You are not wiser than Daniel, are you? Have the wise instructed you with their skill?” Not only this, but he even praises the power of the holy ones through the order of his spiritual messengers, who called Daniel beloved and the Holy Mother of God in Galilee blessed among women.
But what might we say concerning those peers who honored each other with mutual praise, and whose nobility the Lord exclaimed to all with open mouth? Not only does He convey their public works but also the secret illumination of their hearts before angels and men: As with the hospitable Abraham, whose fair servitude was proclaimed with the arrival of the angels, and to whom God revealed the promise of what was to be done in Sodom. Likewise, he also praises the brave champion Job prior to his battle with the Adversary as “a true man, just, godly, and detached from all evil works.” As for the great Moses, He proclaims his profound communion with God throughout Scripture, revealing also his comely childhood under the divine law. Nor is the advice of the foreigner, Jethro, left unwritten.
Եւ այնպէս միահամուռ ամենայն աստուածակրաւն արուեստականացն բարեգործութիւնք՝ փայլեն յաստուածագիր աւրինացն, զորոց չէ ոք բաւական յիշատակել զերանելի անուանց գումարութիւն։ Եւ ոչ միայն զյառաջագունիցն, այլ եւ զկնի եղելոցն զՄիածնի Որդւոյն Աստուծոյ փրկչին ամենեցուն՝ ի լուսաբեր աւետարանին իւրում ծաղկեցուցանէր զազնուականութիւնս, մանաւանդ երանութեամբ իսկ պսակէր ոչ միայն սեպհականացն զերկոտասանիցն, եւ կամ զյառաջամուտ զԿարապետին, այլեւ զայլոց մատուցելոցն գովէ զհաւատոցն ճշմարտութիւն։ Քանզի զՆաթանայէլ առանց նենգութեան նշանակէ եւ զթագաւորազին զմեծութիւն հաւատոցն՝ անգիւտ յԻսրայէլի ասէ։ Բայց ոչ միայն զմեծամեծսն, այլ առաւել եւս զթեթեւագոյնսն բարձրագոյնս [առնէ] անարգամեծարն Քրիստոս, որ սակաւիկ ինչ զծախ իւղոյն յարգէ, եւ զծախելեացն յիշատակարան պատմեն ամենայն ուրեք՝ առ ի ներքոյ երկնից։ Եւ զկնոջէն քանանացւոյ մեծ զհաւատոցն ասէ. նաեւ զդանկաց երկուց ընծայելոցն գովէ զարկանելեացն զյաւժարութիւն առաւել քան զմեծացն։
And thus, the good works of all those who demonstrate divine devotion—the sum of whose blissful names no one is fit to commemorate—shine forth unanimously through the divinely written ordinances. And in His illuminating good tidings, He not only caused the nobility of those who preceded the Only Begotten Son—the Savior of all—to blossom forth, but also that of those who followed him, and above all He crowned them with blessing, praising not only the true faith of His own Twelve or the Forerunner, but also the others who drew near. For He indicates Nathaniel to be without guile, and says that he had not found such great faith in Israel as that of the royal official. And Christ—who loves the least, and the dishonored, and those set at naught—does not only exalt great deeds, but a great deal more the slightest ones. He honors the pouring of trifling ointment, and says that those who do so will be proclaimed everywhere beneath the heavens as a memorial. And He speaks of the great faith of the Canaanite woman and praises her willing offering of two mites more than the offerings of the rich.
As for Paul, who had determined to circulate the brilliance of the teachings laid down by Christ, he was named achosen vessel, the bearer of His glorious name in the world. Therefore, the blissful one—observing the majesty of thegreat ordinances bestowed to him and to all the saints—turns to praise with the highest words: “Now thanks be to God who always leads us in triumph in Christ, and throughus diffuses the fragrance of His knowledge in every place.” Upon this, he more boldly conveys: “Who can put a blotupon God’s elect?” And the blissful Apostles, having re-ceived this favor from the Lord, make known the excellence of all their companions. Some of these accounts can be seenin the Holy Gospel, others in the Acts of the Apostles writtenby Saint Luke, and the greater part are known through the Catholic Epistles of the Apostles.
Also, Saint Paul, in his fourteen epistles, tells of his fellow apostles and companions-in-arms, and rejoices with them. And at the end of his epistles, completing his greetings to each one, he inquires of them by name; and of a certain one, he indicates that his praise is in the Gospel. But not only does he honor the help of this blissful one, he also assigns many praises to all those who honor Christ by giving hospitality. Therefore, he offers his prayers to God, asking Him to repay them for their goodness. And in all the churches, he makes the nobility of the chosen ones resound—not only the men, but also the women among his disciples who proclaim the good tidings of the truth.
And he does not proclaim all these good tidings for the boast of pride, but as a model and a standard for those to come—Just as, to this end, he urges everyone to be zealous for good works, saying: “Pursue love, and be zealous for all spiritual things.” And he tells of the willingness of the Achaeans to minister to the holy ones in Macedonia, stirring up their zeal. And he gives boldness to them to remain without hindrance for the virtue of goodness, urging them “to be zealous always for what is good”, and insists that they be imitators of himself and of the Lord.
Again, he is eager to follow in the steps of Christ along with everyone: “Look ahead,” he says, “to Jesus, the leader and finisher of faith,” and again, “Remember your leaders, who spoke God’s word; observing the results of their ways, imitate their faith,” and also, “Be of that mind in yourselves that was also in Christ Jesus.” Luke says similarly at the beginning of the Acts of the Apostles. And the Lord’s beloved brother, James, following the example of the whole host of saints and the Lord who loves them, says in his epistle: “Take for an example of long-suffering the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. Hear of Job’s endurance and see the ending that came from the Lord.”
It is therefore clear from what I have said that the praise of all those chosen by God—the lovers of God—whether from the angels or from one another, are not from self-boasting but from mutual zeal, so that by encouraging one another, we may come to the perfect goodness indicated by Saint Paul: “to come in unity to the measure of the fullness of Christ.” For he whose liberation is in heaven awaits the Savior, the great God.
We also have the graceful, canonical writings of the Apostles’ successors, showing how they honor and praise one another according to the true faith and their devotion to working in the good tidings, as they are still accustomed to do to this day.
Therefore, having received boldness from these two sources, we set forth the life of a righteous man.
Come now, what was promised shall be presented; that this honored arrangement perfected by the fathers that is now with us may be found pleasing, and that their kindly command be duly fulfilled.

Chapter 3 #

The man to whom we allude in our preface, and about whom we are eager to tell, was named Mashtots, from the village of Hatsik in the district of Taron, the son of a blissful man called Vartan. Trained in his youth in Hellenic letters and coming to the court of the Arsacid kings of Greater Armenia, he stood in the royal divan as a keeper of the royal decrees under a certain Aravan, the royal steward in Armenia. He had been instructed and skilled in secular offices, and was well-esteemed by his soldiers in the military profession. Then, diligently directing his attention to readings of the divine Scriptures, through which he was at once illuminated, and delving and immersing himself in the details of the God-given commands and decking himself with every preparation, he ministered to the princes.

Chapter 4 #

And afterward, according to the measure of the good tidings, turning in servitude to philanthropic God, stripping himself of his desire to wield power and accepting the cross of boasting, he followed the Crucified Savior of all. And delighting in His commandments, he joined the cross-bearing cohort of Christ and immediately entered the eremitic order. He bore many torments of all kinds in all things in keeping with the good tidings, and gave his soul with all discipline to spiritual things—to solitude, life in the mountains, famine and thirst, vegetal sustenance, enclosing himself without light, wearing a hairshirt, and sleeping on the ground. And though he was in need of sleep, he spent many a night of comfortable repose on his feet, in sleeplessness, in the twinkling of an eye. All this he did for no short time. And finding still others, he joined them to himself and made them disciples of the same customary good tidings.
And so, he suffered all the trials that came upon him with willing bravery, shining with distinction, and became known and pleasing to God and men.

Chapter 5 #

Then, taking along his faithful ones, the blissful man rushed down to the unruly and neglected place, Goghtan. And the prince of Goghtan, a pious and God-loving man named Shabit, went out to meet him. He proved to be most hospitable and devoutly served them in keeping with the faith of the disciples of Christ. At once, the blissful man brought along irrefutable proof of the good tidings and captured the district with the undivided support of the prince. Taking everyone captive from their patrimonial traditions and from diabolical devil-worship, he offered them in subjection to Christ.
And when the Word of life was sown in them, evidently great signs appeared to the inhabitants of the district, with the demons who had assumed all kinds of forms fleeing into the regions of Media. Similarly, he worried all the more about consoling the general public, with more prayers ever on his lips, supplications to God with arms outstretched, and tears ever flowing from his eyes. And pondering the Apostolic saying, he said with worry: “I harbor sorrow and unceasing pain in my heart for the sake of my brothers and my kindred."
And thus beleaguered and ensnared by sorrowful anxieties, he fell into the tempest of his thoughts as to how he might find a way out of these situations.

Chapter 6 #

When he had lingered in the same place many days more, he rose and came to the holy Catholicos of Greater Armenia, known by the name Sahak, whom he found standing ready in the same earnest persuasion. At the same time, they gathered together with resolute purpose and persevered in great prayer to God, that all souls might obtain the salvation brought by Christ. And they did this for many days.
Then a gift followed them from the all-bountiful God to convene a consultation of the blessed ones united in spirit for the care of the country, to arrive at the discovery of letters for the nation of Armenia.
Then the king told them about a certain man, a Syrian noble bishop, called Daniel by name, who had unexpectedly discovered letters of the alphabet for the Armenian language. When the discovery by Daniel was announced to them by the king, they encouraged the king to take urgent steps concerning those necessary matters. So, he sent a certain man named Vahrich with messages to a certain presbyter whom they called Habel, who was close to Daniel, the Syrian bishop.
Hearing this, Habel arrived in haste to Daniel and was first informed about the letters from him. Then, after receiving them from him, he sent them to the king in Armenia. They arrived to him in the fifth year of his reign. Together and in one accord, the king, with Saints Sahak and Mashtots, received the letters from Habel, and they rejoiced.
But when they realized that there weren’t enough letters to express all the syllables of the Armenian language, especially as the letters had been gathered and raised up from the scripts of other peoples, they returned again to the same anxieties in search of a way out.

Chapter 7 #

Therefore, taking a group of male children by the command of the king with one accord with Saint Sahak, and exchanging farewells with one another with a holy kiss, Mashtots went out in the fifth year of the reign of Vramshapuh, king of Armenia, and came into the regions of Aram, into two Syrian cities: the first of which is called Edessa, and the second Amida by name. He appeared before the holy bishops, the first of whom was named Babilas and the second Akakios, along with the clerics and princes of the cities who met him. They treated those who had arrived with many honors and received them with great care, in keeping with the conduct of those named after Christ.
And the disciple-loving teacher divided those whom he had brought along with him into two groups: some of whom he appointed to Syriac letters in the city of Edessa, and others to Greek letters, whom he gathered in the city of Samosata.

Chapter 8 #

And with his peers he offered up customary prayers, sleepless nights, tearful supplications, austerities, and anxious groans for the country, recalling the words of the prophet: “When you groan, then you shall be saved.”
Thus, he endured great labors so that some assistance be found for the good of the nation. To whom this lot was granted from the all-gracious God: a fresh and wonderful birth, begotten by the fatherly approbation, by His holy right hand—letters for the Armenian language. And immediately he designated, named, and arranged them in order, and composed them into syllables.
There, in the same city, he found a certain scribe of Hellenic letters named Rufinus, with whom he composed and brought to completion all the distinctions among the letters, the finest and the thickest, the short and the long, the particular and the repeated and they turned to translation together with two men and their disciples: The first of these they called Yohan, from the district of Ekegheats, and the second, Joseph by name, from Paghanakan tun. And they set to translating the Scriptures, first from the Proverbs of Solomon, which, in the beginning, commends the recognition of wisdom, saying: “To know wisdom and instruction, to perceive the words of understanding,” which was written by the hand of that scribe, who also educated the young scribes in the same script.

Chapter 9 #

After this, he received messages from the bishop of the city and, taking leave of them along with all his companions, brought them to the bishop of Syria. To those—by whom he was formerly welcomed—he presented the God-given letters. For which reason many praises were offered up by the holy bishops and all the churches for the glory of God and for not a little consolation for the disciples. Then, bidding farewell and bringing along the messages bearing good news, along with gracious gifts and all his companions, he set out with the grace of God. Passing through many places of rest in success and spiritual joy, he came to the country of Armenia, to the region of the district of Ayrarat, near the borders of the New City, in the sixth year of Vramshapuh, king of Greater Armenia.
Not even the great Moses rejoiced in such a manner on his descent from Mount Sinai: we do not say he abounded in joy, far from it. For when the man who beheld the vision of God received the divinely written commandments from God in his arms, he descended from the mountain. But because of the contemptuous people, who turned their backs to the things of the Lord, fell on their faces and, violating their covenant with the Lord, worshipped their molten idols, the heartbroken bearer of the commandments was brought to tears. For through the shattering of the tablets, you see that the sorrow of the bearer was made manifest. But as for the blissful one about whom these words are prepared, things were not wrought in the same manner as in that city. Instead, he and his companions, filled with spiritual consolation, anticipated the eagerness of those who were to receive the letters. These recipients, in turn, with hopeful gladness, awaited their arrival from their journey bearing good news.
But let no one consider us mad for the things we have said, by which we might be blamed for likening and comparing a most humble man with the great Moses, the miracle-worker who spoke with God. We can assert with even more faith: there is nothing upon which to reject the divine, whether openly or secretly, for the grace of the one omnipotent God is lavishly provided to all earthborn races.
As the one commemorated approached the royal city, news reached the king and the holy bishop. Taking the whole crowd of the cohort of Councilors and his noble friends, they departed from the city and happened to meet the blissful one by the Rah River. Exchanging affectionate greetings and with voices of exultation, spiritual songs, and the highest blessings, they turned to the city and spent the days in festive joy.

Chapter 10 #

Then, the blissful caretakers took the suddenly discovered object of their quest and sought from the king young children with whom they might be able to fan the letters into flame. When many of them were instructed, he commanded that the same training be conducted everywhere: Whereby the blissful one attained the goodly rank of vardapet, and carried out his teaching with the same letters for about two years. And thus, becoming immersed in the words of the Law, they transcended their nature.

Chapter 11 #

Եւ ի ձեռն առեալ այնուհետեւ աստուածագործ մշակութեամբ զաւետարանական արուեստն՝ ի թարգմանել, ի գրել եւ յուսուցանել. մանաւանդ հայեցեալ ի տեառնաբարբառ հրամանացն բարձրութիւնն, որ առ երանելին Մովսէս եկեալ, վասն ամենայն իրացն եղելոց, յաստուածեղէն պատգամացն բարձրութիւն աւանդելոցն՝ մատենագրել առ ի պահեստ յաւիտեանցն որ գալոցն էին. նոյնպիսիք եւ այլոց մարգարէիցն հրամայեալք։ «Առ, ասէ, քարտէզ նոր մեծ, եւ գրեա՛ ի նմա գրչաւ դպրի»։ Եւ այլուր, թէ՝ «Գրեա՛ զտեսիլդ ի տախտակի, եւ ի գիրս հաստատեա»։ Իսկ Դաւիթ յայտնապէս եւս վասն ամենայն ազգաց՝ զվիճակ աստուածատուր աւրինացն նշանակէ ասելովն, թէ՝ «Գրեսցի յազգ այլ»։ Եւ թէ՝ «Տէր պատմեսցէ գրովք ժողովրդոց»։ Զոր եկեալ կատարեաց ամենափրկիչն Քրիստոս շնորհատուր հրամանաւն, եթէ՝ «Ելէք ընդ ամենայն ազգս». եւ եթէ՝ «Քարոզեսցի աւետարանս ընդ ամենայն տիեզերս»։ Ուստի եւ երանելի հարցն մերոց համարձակութիւն առեալ՝ յուսալից փութով եւ երեւելի եւ արդիւնակատար ըստ աւետարանին՝ զիւրեանց մշակութիւնն ցուցանեն։
Then, with divinely ordained labor, they set to translating, writing and teaching the irrefutable proof of the good tidings. And they especially observed the exaltation of the commandments proclaimed by the Lord, who had come to the blissful Moses concerning all that had happened, for him to write down the exaltation of the divine words entrusted to him, to be observed for the ages to come. Likewise, it was commanded to the other prophets: “Take a scroll, new and large, and write in it with a scribe’s pen,” and elsewhere, “Write your vision on a tablet, establish it in writing, that those who read it may read it openly.” And David indicates more clearly that the inheritance of the God-given laws is for all generations, saying “Let this be written for another generation;” and “The Lord shall re- count it in the writings of the peoples.” Which Christ, the Savior of all, came and fulfilled with his gracious command: “Go out to all nations,” and “these good tidings will be proclaimed throughout the inhabited world.” Therefore, receiving confidence, our blissful fathers demonstrated their cultivation, visibly bearing fruit with hopeful diligence in keeping with the good tidings.
At that time, our blissful and beloved country of Armenia was absolutely marvelous. Through the efforts of the two peers, the works of Moses—who taught the law—the prophetic rank, and the forward-reaching Paul, along with the entire Apostolic cohort, and the good tidings of Christ that bring salvation to the world, were all found at once in the Armenian language and manner of speech.
Thereafter, there was wholehearted joy and a spectacle to please the eye of the observer. For the country, which had previously been stranger even to the fame of all the divine miracles that had occurred in those regions, was now suddenly pondering them: Not only the things that had been served within time, but also before the ages and in the age to come, in the beginning and in the consummation, and in all the divinely inherited traditions.”

Chapter 12 #

Having approved and confirmed these things, they more boldly and abundantly gathered disciples of the newfound teaching to instruct, shape, and prepare the unlettered people for the proclamation of the good tidings. They poured forth and spilled out from the regions and districts of the country of Armenia and came to the open fountain of the knowledge of God. For in the district of Ayrarat, at the abodes of the king and the high priests, the grace of the commandments of God sprung up for Armenians. There, the prophetic saying became memorable: “There shall be a fountain springing up in the house of David.”
Then the pillars of the Church put their hands to the work of the evangelists of Christ, gathering from the regions, districts and various places of the nation of Armenia groups of the disciples of the truth: those who had reached the fullness of knowledge and who were competent to impart it to others. To whom their own deeds became a standard and a model, and whom they charged to adhere to the same standard.
And those who were present there at the court, together with the whole camp of the noble military cohort, were instructed in the divine wisdom. Blissful Sahak exceedingly engaged the Mamikonian men in the study of the teaching, the first of whom was named Vartan, also called Vartkan. Likewise, he strove to shape every soul to arrive at the knowledge of the truth.

Chapter 13 #

Յետ այնորիկ առնոյր հաւանութիւն երանելին Մաշթոց, որպէս զի տէր Եպիսկոպոսն ի կայենականսն, եւ նա ի սփիւռս հեթանոսաց զբանն կենաց սերմանիցեն։ Եւ հրաժարեալ ի նոցանէն հանդերձ աւգնականաւքն, որոց առաջնումն Տիրայր անուն ի Խորձենական գաւառէն, եւ երկրորդին Մուշէ անուն ի նահանգէ Տարաւնոյ, որք էին սուրբք եւ զուարթագոյնք, հանդերձ այլովք եւս սպասաւորաւք աւետարանին, զոր չեմք բաւական ըստ անուանցն նշանակել։ Որովք յանձն եղեալ երանելին շնորհացն Աստուծոյ, երթեալ իջանէր յՌոտաստակն Գողթան, յառաջին դաստակերտն իւր։ Եւ անդ ընդելական սովորութեամբն ի կիր արկեալ զվարդապետութիւնն՝ հաւասարութեամբն բարեպաշտին Շաբաթայ, լի առնէր զգաւառն ողջունիւ աւետարանին Քրիստոսի. եւ կարգէր յամենայն գիւղս գաւառին դասս սրբոց վանականաց։ Որում եւ հասեալ ժամանեալ հայրաբարուին Գտայ, որդւոյ Շաբաթայ առն քրիստոսասիրի, բազում սպասաւորութիւն իբրեւ հաւասարի որդւոյ վարդապետին տանէր։
After this, the blissful Mashtots received fellowship, so that the Lord bishop would sow the word of life in the royal residences, and he in the heathen diaspora. He bade them farewell with his holy and most sober helpers—the first of whom was Tirayr by name, from the district of Khordzean, and the second, Mushe, from the province of Taron—along with other ministers of the good tidings, whose names we are unable to designate. Then the blissful one was committed to the grace of God and went down to the Goghtan district, to his former estate. There, following his usual custom, he set forth the teaching with the devout Shabat, filling the district with the peace of the good tidings of Christ. He arranged groups of holy monks in every village of the district. Then Giwt came in the manner of his Christ-loving father, Shabat, and carried out great service to him like a son.

Chapter 14 #

At that point, he was immediately appointed by the king to begin teaching the barbarians in the regions of Media, who were difficult to approach, not only because of the monstrosity of their demoniacal and Satanic ways, but also because of their harsh and crude language—For whom, in the course of years, they arranged for plain speaking, eloquent and disciplined people to be brought forth, who were made acquainted with the God-given wisdom.

Chapter 15 #

After this, he went up to the adjoining borders and into the region of Syunik. There, he was received with God-loving obedience by the prince of Syunik, who was named Vaghenak, from whom he found great cooperation concerning his projects till he had seized upon the whole region of Syunik. And he gathered the male children in order to instruct them—especially those from the feral, savage and brutish regions. And with such great care, he reared and admonished them in the manner of a foster parent, even to the point of appointing from among these savages a bishop and overseer of the church in Syunik, whose name was called Ananias, a holy and illustrious man who was like a father to the heirs of the church. Then the land of Syunik became filled with groups of monastics.
At which juncture it was granted by God that the valiant Sisakan Vasak obtained the head of the principality of Syunik. He was a sagacious, knowledgeable and prudent man, graced by the wisdom of God. He made a great contribution to the teaching of the good tidings, showing devotion to him as a son to a father, and serving him in accordance with the loveliness of the good tidings, he did what he was commanded to do, fittingly for the work, right up until the end.

Chapter 16 #

Again, after some time had passed, the beloved of Christ started to worry about the barbaric region. He took and arranged the letters of the Georgian language, in accordance with what was granted to him by the Lord. He wrote, arranged and set the letters in order according to custom, took with him some of his best disciples, and rising he departed and went down to the territory of Iberia. He went and appeared before the king, whose name was Bakur, and the bishop of the country, Moses. And the king and his army, along with all the districts, were abundantly subjected to him, in keeping with God’s ordinances.
And setting his irrefutable proof before him, he exhorted and stirred him up; in this too everyone pledged to fulfill his request. And he found a translator of the Georgian language, who was called Jagha by name, a lettered man of true faith, and commanded the Iberian king to gather the male children from various regions and from the rabble districts of his principality and deliver them to the vardapet—Who took and cast them into the furnace of instruction, and with the refining fire of spiritual love scoured away the filth and corrosion of the fetid demons and their vain service, and severed them from what they had received from their patrimony to the extent that they declared them forgotten, to the point of saying: “I have forgotten my people, and my father’s house.”
And those who were gathered from among such distinct and divided tongues, he bound into one nation with one divine dialect with which to utter words and made them glorifiers of the one God. Among them some were found worthy, to whom the lot fell for the order of the bishopric; the first of these was named Samuel, a holy and devout man, who was made bishop of the royal house.
And when he had arranged the work of piety everywhere in Iberia, he bade them farewell and returned to Armenia, where he encountered Sahak, the Catholicos of Armenia, and related to him the deeds of salvation that had taken place, at the same time glorifying God, the glorious Christ.

Chapter 17 #

Then he rose up again and went about the places he had set in order and the districts where he had made disciples in the country of Armenia in order to cheer up, renew and strengthen everyone. When he had thus filled every place with the holy, good tidings of the Lord, and spurred everyone to venture upon the path of life, he took counsel concerning the half of the Armenian nation that was under the authority of the Roman king.
He made haste and departed with many of his disciples to cross into Greek territories. And because of his exceedingly good repute, which had already spread abroad from the northern regions, he was honored all the more upon his entrance with genuine sincerity by the bishops of the country, the princes, the inhabitants of the districts, and especially the commander-in-chief of the country, who was called Anatolius by name—Who set forth the matters that the king, whose name was called Theodosius, son of Arcadius caesar, had demonstrated in writing. From this it was commanded to award the saint with splendid honors and to call him the name Akoimetos.
And he, leading the multitude of his disciples to the city of Melitene, commended them to the holy bishop of the city, whom they called Acacius; as chief of his students, he left the one whom they called Leontius, a faithful man and a servant of the truth. And taking the honorable bishop of Derjan, whose name was called Gint, and a few disciples from there, the blissful man departed on the state carriage, and obtaining great honor, they arrived at the royal Constantinian city—Concerning whom, they immediately informed the king, and he was called before the honorable throne and appeared before the God-ordained monarchs and patriarch, and the holy Catholicos of the imperial court, whom they called Atticus, with whom he found favor. It was commanded to honor him for a time in the imperial capital with arrangements for his care made by the church, the court and the honorable princes of the city.
Then, at the end of Pascha, he indicated to the Caesar the details of what was needed, and taking his unopposed command along with the imperial epistles written by the Caesar, signifying that the male children from half the nation of Armenia be gathered, and concerning the barbarians of the pestilent nation, support for the churches, and honoring him with great gifts. Thus, he persuaded the court in truth, and left without receiving the gifts. He made obeisance to the purple-clad Augusti and the holy Catholicos, receiving farewells from the church and the illustrious princes of the city, and set off on a prosperous journey with all his companions. They boarded the carts and royal carriages, and set out on the royal roads with great pomp and splendor. In every city they encountered, they appeared splendid.
And having received great gifts, they came to the designated territories, where they immediately encountered the sparapet of Armenia, and appeared before him with the Caesar’s epistles. Taking all the epistles bearing the Caesar’s monogram, the sparapet hastened in short order to fulfill his command. Then, dispatching messengers to the districts of half of the nation of Armenia under the authority of the Caesar, he gathered the multitude of the male children and arranged stipends for those in the most fitting places, where the blissful one applied his teaching and gladdened those who had gathered there.
After that, he undertook to examine the sect of the unseemly and stubborn barbarians. When he found no means by which to correct them, he applied the misery-inducing cane, along with heavy punishments in prison, tortures, and restraints. Upon which, when they were found to be in want of salvation, they were bruised up, then branded, blackened with soot, disgraced in various ways, and plucked off from the country.
At that time, an elder named Benjamin, an Aghuanian by nationality, came and met him. He inquired about and examined the barbaric words of the Aghuanian language, then took the letters according to the gift from On High, and by the grace of Christ, successfully arranged and validated them by putting them to the test.
Then he took leave of the bishops, the princes of the country and all the churches, where he left a pair of his disciples as overseers of the believers: the first of whom was named Enoch, and the second, Danan—two religious and forward-reaching men in the service of the good tidings, whom he committed to God’s grace, and whom he established there. Then he came with many disciples, passed into the territories of Greater Armenia, arrived at the New City, appeared before the holy bishop Sahak, as well as the king of Armenia, whose name was called Artashes, and the entire army. He told them of his deeds in those regions in accordance with the operations of the grace of God and tarried there for some days, comforted because his spiritual yearning had been poured out.

Chapter 18 #

After this, he took leave to go to the territories of Aghuank. He went down into the country, came to the royal places, saw the holy bishop of Aghuank, whose name they called Jeremiah, and their king, whose name was Arsvagh, along with all the nobles, who welcomed him with great attentiveness in the name of Christ. Then he inquired from them and set forth the purpose for which he had come. And the two who were joined together—the bishop and the king—promised to submit to the learning. From the districts and the places under their authority, they commanded that the multitude of male children be introduced to the art of writing, brought together in suitable and appropriate places, group by group, in schools, and they arranged stipends for their care.
So when that command was accomplished through their works and deeds, the blissful one took Jeremiah by the hand and immediately set to work on translating the divine Scriptures, through which, in the twinkling of an eye, the savage, animalistic, and brutish land of Aghuank became acquainted with the prophets, familiar with the Apostles, heirs to the good tidings, and not at all ignorant of the things handed down by God. Again the God-fearing king of Aghuank, with even greater sincere earnestness, reprovingly commanded the Satanic and demonical nation to reject and free themselves from their vain, obsolete ministries, and to submit to the mild yoke of Christ.
And commending them to the all-protecting grace of God, he departed to the territories of Aghuank to cross into the country of Iberia.

Chapter 19 #

He arrived opposite the valley of Gardman. The ruler of Gardman, whom they called Khurs, came to meet him, and hosting him with God-loving piety, offered himself and his authority to the vardapet. Most of all, he partook of the depth and richness of his teaching, and sent the blissful man onward wherever he was to go. And he rushed and crossed into those parts.
At that time, a man named Ardzyugh reigned over Iberia. He added splendor to the teaching and caused it to flourish, and went about with all the disciples, commanding the people to abide in the truth.
Then, the prince of Tashir, an honorable and God-loving man, whose name was called Ashusha, committed himself and his entire district into his hand, and carried out his widely disseminated teaching without any shortcoming, as much as in the other districts.
And commending them to the aforementioned holy bishop, Samuel (the one whom we mentioned above), he returned to the territories of Greater Armenia. Coming to his usual places and giving his customary greeting to holy Sahak and all those present, he recounted the recent events. Upon hearing these, they offered even more thanks for God’s gifts.
After these events, the two blissful ones pressed onward to further engage with and facilitate the development of their nation’s letters. Sahak the Great put his hand to translating and writing, as he was first accustomed to do.
Again, it came about that brothers from among the disciples be sent to the region of Syria, to the city of Edessa—Joseph, whom we mentioned above, and the second, Eznik by name, from the Ayraratian district, from the village of Koghb—to translate the things handed down by the Holy Fathers from the Syriac dialect into Armenian writings.
The translators arrived where they had been sent and fulfilled the commands; sending their work to the honorable Fathers, they crossed into Greek territories, where they were taught and instructed, and became devoted translators of the Hellenic tongue.
Then, after some time passed, it happened that certain brothers rushed down into Greek territories from our country of Armenia. The first was Leontius by name, and the second was I, Koriun. Coming together, they approached Eznik in the Constantinian city as one of their own, having been brought up with him. And, in one accord, they resolved spiritual matters. Afterward, with firm copies of the divine Scriptures, many gracefully composed books by the Fathers following those traditions, and the Nicaean and Ephesian canons, they came and appeared in the country of Armenia and set before the Fathers the Testaments of the Holy Church that they had brought along.
After this, the blissful Sahak—who had previously translated the sum of the ecclesiastical writings into Armenian, as well as many more works of the true wisdom of many holy patriarchs—together with Eznik, brought along authentic copies of the Scriptures with which to consolidate the initial, hastily done translations. They also translated many commentaries on the Scriptures.
And thus, the Fathers spent all their time, day and night, in the reading of the Scriptures, by which they flourished and profited, and served as a noble example to their studious companions. Especially as they adhered to the precautionary injunctions of those who had been appointed and sent by God, the first of which commands: “In the Law of the Lord meditate day and night,” and the second, similarly, enjoins: “Attend to public reading, to consolation, to teaching; neglect not the grace that is within you; ponder these things; and persevere in them; for, in so doing, you will save both yourself, and those who hear you.”

Chapter 21 #

After these events, once again, with his excellent and lofty teaching, blissful Mashtots began to form disquisitions—explicated simply, composed gracefully, and set forth and brought about by the illumination and depth of the many-faceted prophetic writings and infused with the savor of faith in the truth of the good tidings. In these, he composed numerous similitudes and examples drawn from this transitory age, particularly concerning the hope of the resurrection for the coming age, formed and constructed to be intelligible and accessible to those without experience and to those troubled by the things of the flesh: to bring them to their senses, to rouse them, and to encourage them to be established in the promise of the good tidings.

Chapter 22 #

And thus, throughout all the regions of Armenia, Iberia and Aghuank, throughout his life—summer and winter, day and night—without sloth or delay, and with the comportment befitting the good tidings and our salvation, he bore within himself the name of Jesus, the Savior of All, before kings, princes and all the heathens, unopposed by any adversary. He arrayed every soul in Christ and armed their spirits, and excused many prisoners, inmates and those imperiled by tyrants, delivering them by the awesome power of Christ. He tore many unjust contracts asunder and, with his consoling teaching, announced the expectation of the hope in the appearing of the glory of the great God, our Savior, Jesus Christ, to many mourners and the faint of mind. At the same time, he moved everyone to piety.

Chapter 23 #

And again, he established and settled many countless cohorts of monks in habitable and uninhabitable places, plains and mountains, caves and retreats—To whom, in his own times, he demonstrated himself to be a model, taking some disciples from each monastery and retreating to live in the mountains, where, tucking away in the crevices of the rocks, they spent their days sustained by herbs as their daily food. Thus, they gave themselves to suffering along with one another’s weaknesses, especially those seeing consolation in the Apostolic words: “when I am weak for Christ, then I am powerful,” and “I shall most gladly boast in weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may dwell upon me.”
And look, they did not get drunk on wine, but were filled instead with the Spirit and prepared their hearts with spiritual songs in glory and praise of God. And look, reading the divinely inspired Scriptures, they exercised its sweet teaching. And look, by the encouragement of the stirring teaching, they elected to reach out for the crown bestowed by Christ. And look, with fervent spirit they served in piety. And look, they made prayers of supplication and petitions of reconciliation to philanthropic God for life for all.
And with the same spiritual skill, he spent many days in desert places, until word was sent by the elders that he should advance by the grace of Christ for the benefit of the churches in those regions. Without fretting, and together with his fellow workers, he went down to support them through various matters, which he resolved by the power of God. With unabated mouth, he poured forth abundant and fertile streams of teaching into the hearts of his listeners.
Եւ զայս առնէր զամենայն ժամանակս իւր վասն անձին եւ վասն աշխարհի. քանզի սովոր իսկ են ճշմարիտ վարդապետք՝ զանձանց առաքինութիւնս կանոն աշակերտելոցն դնել, մանաւանդ յուշ առնելով զտէրունականն՝ զմիոյ միայնոյ իմաստնոյն Աստուծոյ. «Քանզի սկսաւ Յիսուս առնել եւ ուսուցանել»։ Որոյ բազում անգամ առեալ զաշակերտսն ուրոյն, եւ աննիազական անձամբն աւրինակ կարաւտելոցն լինէր, յորժամ ի Թաբաւրական լերինն՝ զաւետեաց երանութիւնն տայր, եւ յորժամ ի նմին լերին զկանոնական զաղաւթս առնէր, մինչդեռ աշակերտքն ի Տիբերական ծովուն նաւէին։ Եւ դարձեալ յաւուրս բաղարջակերացն յաւրինական տաւնին՝ զգիշերոյն աղաւթքն եւ ցայգոյ, ի Ձիթաստանեաց լերինն առանձինն մատուցանէր։ Ուստի եւ յայտնի իսկ է եւ առանց խուզելոյ, եթէ ոչ վասն անձին ամենատէրն, այլ համաշխարհի յուսումն զայն գործէր. որ է աւրինակ ամենայն հնազանդելոց. վասն որոյ ասէր իսկ. «Արթուն կացէք, զի մի՛ ի փորձութիւն մտանիցէք»։
He did this all his days, for himself and for the world. For true teachers are accustomed to set the standard of their virtues before their disciples, especially recalling the dominical standard of the one and only wise God, “For Jesus began to practice and to teach.” Often, He took his disciples and, lacking nothing, Himself became a model to the needy, as when, upon the Taboric mountain, He gave the blessing of the good tidings, and when, upon the same mountain, He made the canonical prayer while His disciples were navigating the Taboric sea. And again, during the days of Unleavened Bread, on the statutory feast, he privately offered the evening prayer on the Mount of Olives until the early morning. Therefore, it is evident, without further inquiry, that the Lord of all did this not for himself, but for the teaching of the whole world, as an example to all the obedient. Thus, he said: “Keep watch, that you might not enter into trial.”
Now if the earthborn races lack knowledge of the slightest skills, how much more shall one be considered ignorant of that skill by which he speaks with God! Whereof the blessed Paul says that everyone is ignorant, in consequence of which the all-vivifying Spirit knows to support us, to make intercession with unutterable groans.
Now when we hear that “Jesus began to practice and to teach,” it should be understood to practice and to teach, and not so as to grant. His intercession is on behalf of the holy ones, while the intercession of the Holy Spirit, it should be known, is for teaching us to intercede for each other. For the Divine shares in one honor, and not many.
But the blissful Apostles, who learned from the teaching of the truth, first ministered to their own needs, and then attended to those of their disciples; at times privately and at times in congregation they exalted the glory of Christ. For it is more profitable to privately mark out all worldly indulgence and to spend time solely in reverence of God, which the prophets did when they performed the service of divine devotion in the mountains and deserts and caves of the rocks.
And thus, all the fathers who followed the Apostolic standard bore goodness within themselves and carried forward the example of their predecessors. Therefore, this blissful one, having taken up the honor of these traditions, commanded and enjoined the same to all who came to him. And so, made full and enriched with the virtue of all the divine treasures, they set out for some considerable time, constantly attending to the same, steadfast in their devo- tion.

Chapter 24 #

At that time, false books were brought forth and appeared in the country of Armenia. These contained the vain traditions of a certain Roman man, whose name was Theodoros—concerning which, the holy synodal patriarchs of the Church sent word to the Orthodox faithful, Sahak and Mashtots. With truth-loving diligence, they removed it, drove it from the country and pushed it beyond their borders, so that no Satanic smoke might rise up against the illuminating teaching.

Chapter 25 #

Afterward, in the same truth, blissful Sahak—full of days and a long life, made comely by the fruits brought forth from God in goodness—died during the first year of the second Yazkirt, son of Vram, king of Persia. In the district of Bagrawand, in the village of Blur, at the close of the month of Navasard, when they were commemorating the day of the blissful one’s birth, around the second hour of the day, during the service of Holy Unction, the old man surrendered his Spirit to Christ with prayers pleasing to God, in observance of the prophet’s words, “Into thine hand I commit my spirit,” and of the blissful Stephen, who said, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” As he had done with his own life, he committed those who remained to God’s all-keeping grace.
Immediately, the God-loving servants under his tutelage—foremost among them a holy and devout man known by the name Jeremiah, along with a pious princess called Dustr, who was the wife of Vartan (whom we mentioned above), as well as many of the holy ones from among the people—took up the blissful Sahak with all provisions. With psalms, blessings and spiritual songs, they carried the saint for several days, traveling by day and night, until they reached his native village of Ashtishat. There, at his martyr shrine, they laid him in a coffin with aromatic spices, sealing it with the seal of Christ. After completing the customary memorial, they each returned. And likewise, each year, in the same month, they gathered again to celebrate the same feast.

Chapter 26 #

Իսկ երանելի զուգականին լուեալ, զՄաշթոցէ ասեմ, բազում անձկայրեաց տրտմութեամբ եւ արտաւսրագութ ողբովք եւ ծանրաթախիծ սգովք պաշարեալ դնէր. զի թէ առաքեալն սուրբ ոչ գտեալ առժամայն զընդելակիցն զՏիմոթէոս՝ անհանգիստ զհոգւոյն ասէ, ո՛րչափ եւս առաւել զմիանգամայն զհրաժարելոցն՝ սաստիկ կիրս մնացելոցն է համարեալ։ Բայց թէպէտ եւ միայնաւորութեանն տրտմութիւն չթողոյր զուարթանալ, սակայն զաւետարանական ընթացսն եւ զվերակացութիւնն սրբոյ եկեղեցւոյ շնորհաւքն Աստուծոյ առանց պակասութեան տանէր, եւ առաւել փութայր գուն եդեալ՝ զամենեսեան զամենեսեան յորդորելով առ բարեացն քաջութիւն։ Եւ զցայգ եւ զցերեկ պահաւք եւ աղաւթիւք եւ ուժգին խնդրուածովք եւ բարձրագոյն բարբառովք՝ զաստուածադիր պատուիրանացն, հրամանս յուշ առնելով՝ զգուշացուցանէր ամենայն մարդոյ, մինչեւ բազմագոյնս եւ զդժուարագոյն վարուց կրթութիւնս. մանաւանդ զի եւ զմտաւ իսկ ածէր ըստ ծերունական հասակին զաւր վախճանին, չտայր քուն աչաց եւ ոչ նիրհ արտեւանաց՝ մինչեւ հասանել ի հանգիստն Տեառն։
And the blissful one—Mashtots, I mean—hearing about his partner, was encompassed by grief of ardent longing, tearful laments, and heavy mourning., For if the holy Apostle, not having immediately found his associate, Timothy, expresses the discomfort of his soul, how much worse must be the suffering of those who remain on account of those who have taken their leave once and for all? Yet, although the sorrow of solitude does not permit one to become sober-minded, by the grace of God he carried out his course, bore witness to the proclamation of the good tidings and the oversight of the holy church without any shortcomings, and strove all the more to have everyone think on whatever is virtuous and good. Day and night, with fasting, prayers, strong entreaties and exalted voice, he gave reminders of the ordinances of the divine commandments and warned everyone to follow them, even training many in the most demanding ways of life. Especially in his old age, as he pondered the day of his death, he “gave no sleep to his eyes and no slumber to his eyelids” until he arrived at rest by the Lord.

Chapter 27 #

And while he thus refined those near him with his spiritual fire and sent numerous letters of admonition and warnings to all the districts—in that same year, after six months had passed from the death of blissful Sahak, the Armenian army was with the holy vardapet in the district of Ayrarat, in the New City, and with the same spiritual conduct—the holy one reached the end called by Christ, after a bout of illness on the thirteenth of the month of Mehekan. And when he was set apart from among the disciples who were under his tutelage, he mingled with those in the company of Christ. Lightened and sobered from his pains, he sat up among the congregation, his hands spread toward heaven the whole time, committing all who remained to the grace of God and seeking aid on their behalf.
And the names of the foremost of his disciples who were gathered there are these: first, Joseph, mentioned at the outset; and second, Tadik—prominent men, most watchful of the commands of his teaching. Among those from the soldiers’ ranks, the first was Vahan, of the Amatunik clan, who was the hazarapet of Greater Armenia, and second, Hmayeak, from the Mamikonian family—honorable, devout men who carried out the vardapet’s commands.
And, while the hands of the holy one were outstretched towards heaven, a wondrous vision—cruciform, shining, glistening—appeared above the household where the blissful one had died, which everyone himself witnessed without relating it to his friend. Then, having delivered love and unity to these holy ones, he crowned those near and far with blessings, and, extending his acceptable prayers to Christ, he reposed.
And taking the deceased one with due preparation, Vahan and Hmayeak, together with the whole crowd of laics—with psalms, blessings and spiritual exultation; with lighted lamps, blazing torches, burning incense, all the bright lanterns, and the sign of the radiant cross guiding their journey—they went up to Oshakan. There, they approached the martyrium, completed the memorial service, and when the sign had disappeared, they each returned to their places.
After three years had passed, they succeeded, through the diligence of the Christ-loving Vahan Amatuni, in setting up a splendid shrine made of hewn, engraved stones. Within the shrine, they fashioned a place of rest for the saint. His beautiful vessels—colorful, splendid, and adorned with gold, silver and precious stones—were dedicated to the altar of the life-giving body and blood of Christ. And with all the holy ones, together with the body of cross-bearing witnesses of Christ assembled together, blessed Mashtots passed into rest in his shrine. And his disciple, Tatik by name, a devout man of high degree, together with his brothers, devoted themselves to the ministry of the shrine of the holy one who attained bliss, for the glory of God.
Then chief men, leaders, and locum tenentes were appointed by the Fathers who had been perfected. The first of these was Joseph, the preeminent man of the assembly, and the second, another disciple named Yohan, a holy man who loved the vardapet and explicated the truth—Whom it befell, after the the death of the holy one, that for Christ’s victory he endured trials and tribulations of all kinds in fetters, fighting in single combat against twofold violence in the city of Ctesiphon, as a result of which he inherited the title of Confessor and returned to the same position of oversight in the country of Armenia.
And Vahan, clinging to the good, came suddenly for the life of all—proving to be a son born of the age and of his own patrimony, and, by the grace of Christ, our God, he was deemed worthy to partake of the life at hand.

Chapter 29 #

Hence, the fathers were perfected according to the model written by us. It is not that we, having been informed by old hearsay, drew up this narrative and composed this book; rather, I personally observed their transformations, was present for their spiritual deeds, heard their gracefully explicated teaching, and served them in accordance with the commands of the good tidings. Not being a rhetorician, I did not lay out my words to offer false explications about my father; but rather, by gathering information from notable experts and without going on at length, we arranged our narrative in brief, which is clear not only to us but also to those who are reading this book.
For we were unable to indicate all that each one did by covenant; rather, we restored ourselves to the easier and simpler Apostolic ways, who passed over the many and various deeds of the holy ones to narrate the most important details with meticulous care. We have said this not for the honor of the holy ones of God, who with the most splendid faith and conduct became fully known and praised, but as an encouraging example for their spiritual offspring and those who are to become their disciples over generations and generations.

Chapter 30 #

Now the number of years of faith of the blissful one was forty-five, and from the Armenian letters to the death of the holy one, thirty-five years, which are reckoned thusly: From the reign of Krman, king of Persia, six years; from Yazkert twenty-one years; and from Vram, eighteen. In the first year of the second Yazkert, son of Vram, the blissful one died.
Now this takes the number of years of the faith of the holy ones from the fourth year of King Krman to the first year of the second Yazkert, son of Vram, taking the beginning of the Armenian letters from the eighth year of Yazkert.
And to Christ, the lover of mankind, be glory unto the ages. Amen.